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1. 立方傅里叶-伽辽金纳维-斯托克斯方程中的轨道层级拉伸:锐利关联、谱衰减与延续准则
Orbit-Level Stretching in Cubic Fourier-Galerkin Navier-Stokes: Sharp Incidence, Spectral Decay, and a Continuation Criterion
作者: Oleg Kiriukhin
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23293v1
摘要翻译: 本文研究三维不可压缩纳维-斯托克斯方程在完整八面体对称群 $O_h$ 约化下的立方傅里叶-伽辽金截断中的轨道层级涡量拟能拉伸。非线性转移压缩为一个轨道层级矩阵,其对称部分 $V_N$ 主导净涡量拟能增长。我将拉伸问题归约为轨道-三重态关联估计,并通过面归一化分解和两平方论证建立其闭合,得到锐利界 \begin{equation} c,N^3\le\max_α\sum_β\sqrt{Γ_{αβ}}\le C,N^{3}. \end{equation} 进而在各向同性单位能量系综中进行加权关联精细化,得到 \begin{equation} \mathbb{E},ρ(V_N)\le C, N^{-3/2}\to 0, \qquad \mathbb{E},ν_c^*(N)\le C, N^{-7/2}\to 0, \end{equation} 其中 $ν_c^*(N)=ρ(V_N)/N^2$ 为轨道层级临界阈值比。对于索博列夫类数据 ${ \left\lVert u \right\rVert}_{H^s}\le M$ 且 $s>2$,更强的确定性界 ${{ \left\lVert V_N \right\rVert} }_\infty\le C_s M^3$ 在 $N$ 上一致成立,且当 $s>3/2$ 时 $ν_c^*(N)\to 0$。与Tao的平均化纳维-斯托克斯构造的比较表明,轨道层级亚临界性是真非线性的一种结构性性质,已知的爆裂机制均违背这一性质。在 $N=1,\ldots,8$ 下的各向同性系综和Kolmogorov谱系综的蒙特卡洛实验验证了该衰减规律,且 $ρ(V_N)\sim N^{-2.6}$ 远超出所证上界。沿伽辽金演化追踪这些界,可得强解的轨道层级延续准则:整体正则性成立当且仅当 $\int_0^T { \left\lVert V_N \right\rVert}_\infty\,dt$ 在 $N$ 上一致有界。
Comment: 无
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23293v1
1. 研究对象和背景
本文研究三维不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程在一个高度结构化且可完全分析的动力学 regime 中的性质。具体而言,作者考虑了周期立方体上的三次Fourier-Galerkin截断,并进一步利用完整的八面体对称群 $O_h$ 对系统进行约化。这一对称约化将原始的高维动力系统压缩到一个可计算的轨道层面,使得研究者能够精确量化非线性转移过程中的熵拉伸机制。
研究的核心动机源于Navier-Stokes方程正则性问题的长期开放性。尽管该方程在流体动力学中具有基础性地位,但三维情况下解的全局正则性至今未能得到证明,现有理论难以完全排除有限时间奇点的可能性。本文采取的策略是:在一个保留完整二次交互结构且具有明确算术描述的有限维模型中,精确诊断轨道级拉伸行为的性质,从而为理解完整Navier-Stokes方程提供结构性的洞见。
从物理角度看,熵拉伸是判断流动是否可能发展出奇点的关键指标。在完全三维流动中,非线性项通过涡度拉伸机制将能量从大尺度传递到小尺度,而粘性耗散则在相反方向起作用。本文通过对称约化,将这种拉伸过程投影到离散的轨道空间,使得原本连续且复杂的几何力学问题转化为组合数学中的精确计数问题。
2. 主要定理或主要结果
本文的主要理论贡献可以归纳为以下几个层面。
在谱界估计层面,文章建立了尖锐的轨道-三元组入射界。设 $\Gamma_{\alpha\beta}$ 表示目标轨道 $\Omega_\alpha$ 与源轨道 $\Omega_\beta$ 之间容许相互作用的计数,则有
这一界与立方最大范数几何直接相关,依赖于盒子面及其一维法向参数化,是本文最核心的组合数学结果。
在概率期望层面,对于各向同性单位能量ensemble,文章证明了轨道级拉伸矩阵 $V_N$ 的谱半径 $\rho(V_N)$ 和临界阈值比 $\nu_c^*(N) = \rho(V_N)/N^2$ 的期望衰减:
这表明在随机初始条件下,轨道级拉伸相对于截断边缘耗散尺度 $N^2$ 渐进可忽略,从而在该模型中呈现出明确的亚临界行为。
在确定性Sobolev估计层面,对于满足 $\|u\|_{H^s}\le M$ 且 $s>2$ 的初值,文章给出一致有界的结果:
该界在 $N$ 上一致成立,且 $\nu_c^*(N)\to 0$ 对所有 $s>3/2$ 成立。这将概率性的亚临界性结果提升到确定性层面。
在延续准则层面,文章建立了轨道级Beale-Kato-Majda类型延续准则:强解的全局正则性当且仅当积分
沿Galerkin演化保持有界。这一准则将全局正则性问题转化为可计算的轨道层面积分有界性问题。
3. 研究方法、关键技术和核心工具
本文的方法论框架融合了四个核心技术领域,形成了一个统一的有限维Navier-Stokes分析范式。
对称约化方法构成第一层技术框架。作者运用完整八面体对称群 $O_h$ 对截断Fourier格点进行轨道分解,将模向量表示投影到 trivial-isotypic Schur投影。这一过程将原始转移算子 $S_N$ 正交分解为反对称部分 $A_N$ 和对称部分 $V_N$ 的直和:
由于反对称部分对净熵增长无贡献,所有拉伸动力学完全由 $V_N$ 控制,这一简化使得原本复杂的高维问题转化为有限维矩阵的特征值估计问题。
精确三元组计数构成第二层技术框架。通过直接的坐标约束分析,文章给出了任意模式 $k\in\Lambda_N$ 处有序三元组 $(p,q)$ 的精确计数公式:
该公式揭示了截断系统的离散算术结构,并为后续的入射估计提供了精确的计数工具。最大值在六个轴向模式处取得,渐近行为为 $8N^3$ 量级。
面归一化分解与二平方论证构成第三层技术框架,这是实现尖锐入射界的关键创新。传统壳层逐层计数只能达到 $O(N^4)$ 量级的上界,无法闭合所需的估计。作者引入面归一化技术:对于每个目标代表元 $k$ 和源点 $p$,计算其在六个有符号坐标面上的"高度"函数,选择最小高度对应的面作为规范面,再将点集按面和二元尺度分层。这种分解将原本的二维问题化约为一系列一维区间上的二平方表示问题。设
为经典二平方表示函数,通过分析该函数在短区间上的均值,文章最终获得 $O(N^{3+\varepsilon})$ 量级的入射界,从而突破传统方法的瓶颈。
Efron-Stein方差框架与矩阵值集中不等式构成第四层技术框架,用于从入射界推导期望谱半径界。设 $\rho(V_N)$ 为轨道级拉伸矩阵的谱半径,其期望估计依赖于二阶矩控制。通过识别 $\Gamma_{\alpha\beta}$ 作为入射计数并应用加权入射论证,结合矩阵值集中不等式的推广形式,文章得到
这一概率性结果在数值实验中得到验证,实际观测到的衰减指数约为 $-2.6$,优于理论保证的上界。
4. 与之前工作的比较
本文的工作与四个主要研究传统形成对话和补充关系。
在流体动力学与正则性理论方面,本文延续了Constantin、Foiaş和Temam关于Fourier-Galerkin截断作为数学意义下的有限维近似的经典传统。与几何耗竭和涡度方向机制的研究(如Constantin和Fefferman的工作)不同,本文采取完全量化而非渐近描述的路径,通过对称约化将定性几何机制转化为可计算的组合不变量。文章还呼应了Chernyshenko、Constantin、Robinson和Titi等人关于数值Galerkin计算作为后验正则性检验的思路,但本文的方法更强调诊断层而非完整求解器。
在修正二次模型方面,本文的关键洞见在于揭示了轨道级亚临界性是真非线性的一种结构性质,而这一性质在已知的奇点构造机制中被违反。特别地,文章将自身结果与Tao的平均Navier-Stokes方程构造进行对比。Tao的构造通过修改非线性结构使得有限时间 blowup 可被严格证明,而本文的立方Galerkin模型尽管与原始Navier-Stokes方程具有相同的二次交互结构,却展现出渐进衰减的拉伸行为。这一对比表明:保持完整二次结构可能不足以保证奇点形成,而Tao构造中的 blowup 机制必然涉及某种对真实非线性结构的"破坏"。
在组合数学与数论方法方面,本文的入射论证深受Bombieri和Pila的行列式方法、Heath-Brown和Chamizo-Iwaniec的圆法处理球面上格点问题、以及后来关于圆上短弧格点工作的影响。文章将这些连续调和分析中的工具离散化并适配到有限维组合估计的框架中,体现了"数论方法应用于PDE"的交叉学科精神。
在概率与集中不等式方面,本文使用Efron-Stein方差框架处理矩阵值随机变量,参考了Paulin、Mackey和Tropp关于矩阵值集中不等式的工作。这一技术选择反映了近年来偏微分方程随机化研究中对精细概率工具的日益依赖。
从整体视角看,本文的核心贡献在于首次将对称约化、精确算术计数、几何入射论证与概率期望估计统一到一个完整的有限维Navier-Stokes分析框架中,证明了在该框架下轨道级拉伸确实呈现亚临界衰减。数值实验($N=1$ 到 $8$)进一步验证了理论预测,甚至显示出比上界更快的衰减($\rho(V_N)\sim N^{-2.6}$),为理论的可靠性提供了实验支持。
2. 二维理想流体中刚体运动方程组解的整体适定性
Global well-posedness of solutions for the equations modelling the motion of a rigid body in a bidimensional perfect fluid
作者: Xiaoguang You
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23087v1
摘要翻译: 本文研究浸入二维不可压缩理想流体中的刚体演化系统。在圆盘形刚体的特殊情形下,C. Rosier 和 L. Rosier (2009) 证明了当初始流体速度 $u_0$ 属于 $H^s$ ($s \ge 3$) 且其涡度 $\operatorname{curl} u_0$ 属于 $L^p$($1 \le p < 2$)时,该系统存在唯一的整体解。通过建立 Beale-Kato-Majda 型估计,本文推广了上述结果,去掉了 $\operatorname{curl} u_0 \in L^p$ 的限制条件,并允许刚体具有任意形状。此外,我们还得到了一个显式的能量估计。
Comment: 无
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23087v1
1. 研究对象和背景
本文研究的是一个描述刚体在二维不可压缩理想流体中运动的耦合系统。流体动力学由二维Euler方程控制,而刚体的运动则遵循线性动量和角动量守恒。具体而言,设$S \subset \mathbb{R}^2$为刚体最初占据的光滑单连通有界区域,流体区域$F = \mathbb{R}^2 \setminus S$。系统包含流体部分的Euler方程、刚体的运动方程以及边界条件。
这个问题的核心挑战在于系统的非线性特性、强耦合性以及流体区域随时间变化导致的未知性。早期关于全局存在性的结果依赖于对初始涡度的强假设条件。Ortega等人证明了当初始涡度属于加权Sobolev空间时存在全局光滑解。对于特殊的单位圆盘刚体情形,C. Rosier和L. Rosier证明了当初始速度属于$H^s$($s \ge 3$)且初始涡度属于$L^p$($1 \le p < 2$)时存在全局唯一解。这些涡度限制源于Biot-Savart核在边界附近和无穷远处的奇性行为。
本文要解决的核心问题是:对于任意形状的光滑刚体,系统是否能在不对涡度施加任何额外条件的情况下获得全局光滑解?
2. 主要定理或主要结果
本文的主要结果是定理1.1,表述如下:
设$s \ge 3$为整数,假设$u_0 \in H^s(F)$满足$\operatorname{div} u_0 = 0$且边界条件$u_0 \cdot n = (\ell_0 + r_0 x^\perp) \cdot n$在$\partial S$上成立。则系统存在唯一解$(u, p, h, r) \in \mathcal{X}_{s;\infty}$。此外,存在与$s$无关的常数$K_i$($i=1,2,3$),使得对所有$t > 0$有能量估计:
其中$\lambda(\tau)$不依赖于$s$,由下式给出:
这里能量泛函定义为:
该结果的重要突破在于:无需假设初始涡度属于任何特定的函数空间(如$L^p$),即可证明任意形状刚体与流体耦合系统的全局适定性。
3. 研究方法、关键技术和核心工具
本文的研究方法建立在几个关键的技术工具之上。
首先,论文引入了双全纯映射$T: F \to \mathbb{R}^2 \setminus D$(其中$D$是单位圆盘),该映射将刚体区域$F$变换到圆盘的外区域。这一变换是后续分析的基础,使得研究者可以利用单位圆盘的几何性质来简化Poisson方程的求解。通过该映射,可以得到Laplacian在$F$上的Green函数的显式表达式:
其中$\xi^* = \xi / |\xi|^2$表示关于单位圆的反演。
其次,论文的核心技术贡献是建立了外域上Poisson方程的Beale-Kato-Majda型估计。设$\psi$满足$\Delta \psi = \omega$在$F$中且$\psi = 0$在$\partial S$上,则有
其中$v = \nabla^\perp \psi$。这一估计的关键在于对积分核$K(x,y)$和$K^*(x,y)$的精细处理——它们在边界附近和无穷远处表现出相反的奇性行为。通过将定义域分割为有界部分和外部部分(分别记为$C_{R}^{\mathbf{c}}$和$C_R$),并分别对这两个区域应用不同的估计技巧,最终得到整体的有界性。
第三,论文使用了Cauchy主值积分算子$P_{ij}$来处理二阶导数的弱估计。通过Calderón-Zygmund定理、Hölder不等式以及引理2.2中关于奇异积分算子的估计,可以得到$H^1$范数的上界估计。
4. 与之前工作的比较
本文的贡献可以从以下几个方面与之前的工作进行比较。
在研究对象方面:早期工作主要关注固定刚体或特殊形状(圆盘形)刚体的情形。C. Rosier和L. Rosier在2009年的工作局限于圆盘形刚体,且需要假设初始涡度属于$L^p$($1 \le p < 2$)。本文将结果推广到任意形状的光滑刚体,完全移除了这一限制。
在技术方法方面:Rosier的工作依赖于涡度的$L^p$可积性,这源于Biot-Savart核在外域中的奇性分析。本文通过建立Beale-Kato-Majda型估计,巧妙地绕过了这一限制。这种估计在形式上与整个空间情形类似,但处理外域的几何奇性需要更加精细的计算。
在结果形式方面:本文不仅证明了全局适定性,还给出了显式的能量界(1.8),其中增长率$\lambda(\tau)$由初始能量的函数给出。这为理解解的长时间行为提供了定量信息。此外,注记1.2指出,当刚体固定时,同样的方法可以推广Kikuchi的结果——Kikuchi最初需要涡度属于加权Sobolev空间,而本文的方法可以移除这一假设。
在数学工具方面:本文充分利用了位势理论中的Green函数表示、Calderón-Zygmund奇异积分理论以及双全纯映射的性质。这些工具的结合为处理流体-刚体相互作用问题提供了新的范式。
3. 不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程的物理信息神经网络的泛化界
Generalization Bounds for Physics-Informed Neural Networks for the Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations
作者: Sebastien Andre-Sloan, Dibyakanti Kumar, Alejandro F Frangi, Anirbit Mukherjee
类别: cs.LG, math.AP, math.NA
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23072v1
摘要翻译: 本文通过对深度为2的神经网络进行无监督物理信息神经网络(PINN)框架训练,建立了(d+1)维不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程解近似方法的泛化误差的严格首个上界。这一成果通过界定PINN风险的Rademacher复杂度而实现。对于权重适当有界的网络类别,我们推导出的泛化界不显依赖于网络宽度,且该框架将泛化差距与流体的运动粘度及损失正则化参数进行了特征化描述。特别地,由此得到的样本复杂度界与维度无关。我们的泛化界为求解流体动力学问题提出了新型激活函数。我们在一个求解Taylor-Green涡旋基准问题的PINN设置上对这些建议的激活函数及相应的界进行了经验验证。
Comment: 无
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23072v1
1. 研究对象和背景
这篇论文的研究对象是(d+1)维不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程的求解问题。Navier-Stokes方程是流体力学的核心方程,描述了流体运动的基本物理规律,在气候科学、工程设计等众多领域具有广泛应用。然而,传统数值方法在求解高维PDE时面临维度灾难的挑战,即计算复杂度随维度指数增长。
近年来,深度学习方法特别是物理信息神经网络(Physics-Informed Neural Networks,PINNs)已成为解决偏微分方程的新兴工具。PINNs通过将物理方程编码为损失函数,训练神经网络来近似PDE的解,无需大量离散化网格。Raissi等人于2019年提出的PINN框架在科学计算领域获得了广泛关注。
尽管PINNs在实践中取得了成功,其理论基础仍不够完善。论文指出,现有研究主要关注PINN风险的最小化能否收敛到真实PDE解,但缺乏对泛化误差的严格界定。泛化误差衡量的是网络在训练数据上的表现与在未见数据上表现之间的差异,这是理解机器学习方法可靠性的关键。研究团队正是在这一理论空白处展开工作,旨在为基于PINN框架求解Navier-Stokes方程建立首个严格的泛化误差上界。
2. 主要定理或主要结果
本文的核心贡献是建立了以下关于(d+1)维Navier-Stokes方程PINN训练的泛化误差上界定理。
定理1(非正式表述):设$N_w$为定义2中的深度-2神经网络,其权重$W$属于定义6中定义的权重类$C$。对于(d+1)维Navier-Stokes方程对应的PINN经验风险$\hat{R}(N_w, S_n)$和相应的人口风险$R(N_w)$,数据平均的最坏情况泛化误差可以界定为:
其中$N_r$表示域内训练数据点的数量,$N_0$表示对应初始条件的边界点数量。常數$C_r$和$C_0$可以显式地用损失函数的Lipschitz常数、某些权重范数的界限、粘度系数、损失项的正则化参数以及数据分布的矩界限来表示。
该定理的关键特性包括:不依赖于训练数据的分布;不显式依赖于网络宽度;泛化间隙由流体的运动粘度系数和损失正则化参数表征;$C_r$与粘度系数线性增长。特别地,引理2表明样本复杂度界限是维度无关的,这与De Ryck等人(2023)中的推论3.14形成对比。
该结果适用于多种激活函数,包括$\tanh_k(x)$、$\sigma(x)$($k \geq 1$)以及$\exp(-x) \cdot \text{ReLU}_k(x)$($k \geq 3$)。
3. 研究方法、关键技术和核心工具
研究采用的核心工具是Rademacher复杂度分析。Rademacher复杂度是衡量函数类学习复杂度的重要指标,对于给定的预测器类$\mathcal{F}$、损失函数$\ell$和训练数据集$S_n$,n点平均Rademacher复杂度定义为:
其中$\epsilon_i$是从$\{-1, 1\}$均匀采样的Rademacher变量。遵循Bartlett和Mendelson(2003)的开创性工作,Rademacher复杂度可用于界定任意函数类的数据平均最坏情况泛化误差。
论文的技术路线包含五个关键引理的递进证明。引理3将完整PINN经验风险的Rademacher复杂度分解为残差损失和初始条件损失两部分的独立上界。引理4展开这两部分的Rademacher复杂度,使其显式依赖于网络参数和激活函数的导数。引理5至7将每个项约简为对应线性函数类的Rademacher复杂度。最后,通过调用线性函数的Rademacher复杂度标准界得到最终结果。
在神经网络架构方面,研究采用深度-2神经网络,其输出包含速度场$u$和压力场$p$两个分量。网络定义为$N_w(z) = (A^1\sigma(Wz), \langle a^2, \sigma(Wz)\rangle)$,其中$\sigma$是激活函数,$W$是第一层权重,$A^1$和$a^2$是第二层权重。损失函数采用Huber损失,并考虑了PDE的三个约束:动量方程、不可压缩条件(散度为零)和初始条件。
权重类$C$的定义引入了特定约束,如$f_1(W) = a^1 \odot w_t$的$\ell_1$范数有界,这些约束对于得到与网络宽度无关的界至关重要。
4. 与之前工作的比较
论文与多个相关工作进行了系统比较,突显了研究的独特贡献。
与Mishra和Molinaro(2022)的比较:后者考虑了线性或可线性化的微分算子,假设存在具有有界逆的线性化算子,并证明了预测器与真实PDE解之间的泛函距离可由PINN风险界定。然而,该分析使用逐点加权损失函数,区别于实践中常用的标准损失。本工作则提供了标准PINN损失的泛化保证。
与De Ryck和Mishra(2022)的比较:他们证明了存在可同时最小化PINN风险并接近真实解的神经网络,并提供了显式依赖于网络参数数量的泛化误差上界。本工作在两个关键方面推进了该研究:一是建立了针对Navier-Stokes PDE求解的泛化误差界,而非一般的$\ell_2$距离界;二是证明了有限样本复杂度界不显式依赖于神经网络规模。
与De Ryck等人(2023)的比较:他们分析了环形域上的Navier-Stokes方程,证明了存在可减小预测器与真实解之间泛函距离的PINNs。本工作与此有三个主要区别:首先,本工作的上界针对标准PINN损失而非加权PINN损失;其次,本工作的样本复杂度界是维度无关的,而Corollary 3.14的估计依赖于维度;最后,本工作建立了首个针对非线性PDE的PINN损失函数Rademacher复杂度上界。
与Hu等人(2022)的比较:后者分析了线性和二阶PDE的PINN Rademacher复杂度,导出的界适用于任意深度和宽度的PINNs,但代价是将PDE限制为线性和二阶。本工作将分析扩展到Navier-Stokes这一重要的非线性PDE。
与现有工作最根本的区别在于:本文首次建立了针对Navier-Stokes方程这一非线性PDE的PINN泛化误差严格上界,且所得界与网络宽度无关、样本复杂度与维度无关。
4. 具有热浮力的Taylor-Couette流动的非线性稳定性
Nonlinear Stability of Taylor-Couette Flows with Heat Buoyancy
作者: Yeping Li, Gaofeng Wang, Tianfang Wu
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.22936v1
摘要翻译: 本文研究了具有热浮力效应的Taylor-Couette(TC)流动在环形域内的非线性稳定性,其中粘度ν和热扩散系数μ较小。众所周知,热浮力诱导的对流对Taylor-Couette流动的实际工业应用具有显著影响[Chen2006]。与文献[An.2024]不同,本文专门研究了温度梯度和重力对Taylor-Couette流动稳定性的影响。热浮力项在旋转TC系统中引入了具有不稳定性的径向导数∂r。为削弱这种不稳定效应,我们采用了涉及负导数的估计方法。因此,需要额外的粘性阻尼来平衡浮力诱导的不稳定性。我们的稳定性判据要求初始扰动受限于粘度的适当幂次。在此条件下,我们证明了定义在[1, R] × ℝ/2πℤ上的二维Boussinesq系统的解在相同阶数下保持接近Taylor-Couette流动。
Comment: 无
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22936v1
1. 研究对象和背景
本文研究的是在环形域中考虑热浮力效应的Taylor-Couette流动的非线性稳定性问题。Taylor-Couette流动是描述粘性流体在两个无限长同轴旋转圆柱体之间运动的经典流动配置,其不稳定性特征及对流体混合和输运效率的重要影响使其成为流体力学研究的核心课题。
在实际工业应用中,旋转机械冷却和工业废水净化等物理过程可以有效建模为Taylor-Couette流动。热浮力引起的对流对Taylor-Couette流动的工业应用具有显著影响,这与旋转机械系统中热梯度的存在密切相关。然而,现有的理论框架主要依赖于等温假设并忽略重力效应,与实际工业条件存在较大差距。特别是在具有热梯度的旋转机械系统中,由浮力驱动的热对流与离心力之间的耦合作用会从根本上改变流动的稳定性特征。
本文采用Boussinesq近似来系统研究热浮力和旋转效应协同作用下的临界不稳定条件和流动状态演化。Boussinesq近似捕捉了浮力流体中的基本热流体动力学相互作用,其数学丰富性使得该方程组成为研究对流驱动现象的重要基础框架。该系统的两个核心挑战包括全局适定性问题和 nonlinear 稳定性阈值问题。
2. 主要定理或主要结果
本文的主要结果是建立了热浮力效应下Taylor-Couette流动的第一个严格稳定性框架。定理1.1考虑系统(1.4)的解从初始扰动$(\omega_0, \rho_0)$出发,在缩放约束$\log R = O(\nu^{-1/3}|B|^{1/3})$下,证明了存在绝对常数$\nu_0, c', \epsilon_0, \epsilon_1, C > 0$使得当初始扰动满足以下条件时:
涡量扰动的范数条件为$R\|\omega_0\|_{L^2_{\theta}H^1_r} + R^{-2}(\log R)^{-3/2}\|r^2\omega_0\|_{L^2_{\theta}L^2_r} + R^3\|r^{-1}\partial_{\theta}\omega_0\|_{L^2_{L^2}} \leq \epsilon_0 \nu^{1/2}|B|^{1/2}R^{-2}$,以及温度扰动的范数条件$\|\rho_0\|_{H^1} \leq \epsilon_1 \nu^{7/6}|B|^{5/6}R^{-3}$,则解$(\omega, \rho)$是全局时间存在的,并满足稳定性估计$E_k \leq C\epsilon_0 \nu^{1/2}|B|^{1/2}R^{-2}$和$H_k \leq C\epsilon_1 \nu^{7/6}|B|^{5/6}R^{-3}$。
稳定性阈值条件相对于剪切流动Boussinesq系统和等温Taylor-Couette流动可能是次优的。性能下降(从$\nu^{2/3}$到$\nu^{7/6}$)源于旋转-浮力耦合效应:一方面,浮力项$\cos\theta\partial_r\rho$在Taylor-Couette混合下变得不稳定;另一方面,热-旋转耦合引入了新的不稳定性机制,因此需要增强耗散($\nu^{7/6}$)来对抗浮力驱动的失稳。
3. 研究方法、关键技术和核心工具
本文采用的核心方法建立在对线性化Boussinesq方程的深入分析之上,具体包含以下几个关键技术。
首先是Fourier分解方法。对$\theta$方向进行Fourier变换,将扰动场表示为$\omega(t,r,\theta) = \sum_{k\in\mathbb{Z}} \hat{\omega}_k(t,r)e^{ik\theta}$和$\rho(t,r,\theta) = \sum_{k\in\mathbb{Z}} \hat{\rho}_k(t,r)e^{ik\theta}$,并将系统投影到每个Fourier模$k$上,得到耦合系统(3.2)。
其次是加权椭圆估计。引入了权重$r^{1/2}$并定义新的变量$\tilde{\omega}_k = r^{1/2}e^{ikAt}\hat{\omega}_k$等,以消除一阶导数项。通过加权椭圆估计,建立了流函数和涡量在柱坐标下的关键不等式,包括加权椭圆估计引理2.1和轴对称模估计引理2.2,这些估计依赖于径向Sobolev嵌入、Bessel函数分析以及利用环形几何的边界感知Hardy型不等式。
第三是预解估计。对于线性化系统,通过寻求形式为$\omega_k(t,r) = \tilde{\omega}_k(r)e^{-ikB\lambda t}$的模态解,将系统转化为修正的Orr-Sommerfeld方程。热方程可以解耦,直接应用Navier-Stokes预解理论,核心挑战是推导出速度和涡量场的相容线性预解估计。线性化算子$L_{\nu} = \nu\partial_{rr} - \frac{k^2-1/4}{r^2} + \frac{ikB}{r^2}$的预解估计在第5节中详细建立。
第四是增强耗散和不变量阻尼机制分析。流动系统的稳定性由增强耗散和不变量阻尼两种机制共同驱动。增强耗散通过"纠正强化"实现稳定化,而无粘阻尼通过"失稳缓解"抑制非线性项。剪切流场通过拉伸折叠动力学诱导扰动的结构重组,将低频大尺度涡旋逐步碎片化为高频小尺度扰动。由于粘性扩散衰减率$\nu k^2$按波数的平方缩放,高频扰动能量在扩散效应下呈指数加速衰减,这种从低频到高频的能量级联使得整体耗散效率显著提高。
4. 与之前工作的比较
与An和Li在2024年的工作相比,本文的研究重点发生了根本性转变。An和Li的工作[3]主要关注等温Taylor-Couette流动的稳定性分析,忽略了热梯度和重力效应。而本文专门研究温度梯度和重力对Taylor-Couette流动稳定性的影响,热浮力项在旋转TC系统中引入了不稳定的径向导数$\partial_r$。为了抵消这种不稳定性,本文采用了涉及负导数的估计方法,并引入额外的粘性阻尼来平衡浮力引起的失稳。
热浮力项的影响体现在稳定性阈值的显著变化上。在等温情况下,稳定性阈值要求初始扰动与$\nu^{2/3}$成比例,而本文考虑热浮力后,阈值降解为$\nu^{7/6}$。这种性能下降源于两个因素:一是浮力项$\cos\theta\partial_r\rho$在Taylor-Couette混合下变得不稳定;二是热-旋转耦合引入了新的不稳定性机制。
本文还借鉴了平行流体力学稳定性理论中的方法。对于无限通道情形,通过拟线性化技术建立了最优稳定性阈值,要求初始速度扰动范数满足$\|u_0\|_{H^s} \leq c\nu^{1/3}$和加权密度范数$\|\langle x\rangle\rho_0\|_{H^s} \leq c\nu^{2/3}$。对于有界通道(T×I)配合无滑移边界条件,边界效应会改变稳定性标度律。
在无浮力情况下,方程退化为经典二维Navier-Stokes方程,相关工作分别针对无限通道和有界通道建立了被动标量平流和完整NS动力学下的稳定性判据。增强耗散现象的数学突破始于Constantin、Kiselev、Ryzhik和Zlatos的开创性工作,他们通过松弛增强流的概念严格建立了流体混合诱导的快速能量耗散。后续的里程碑式研究通过对流-扩散方程和Navier-Stokes剪切流稳定性的分析推进了这一理论。
了解领域论文(摘要翻译)
1. Stein-Wainger振荡积分的极大增长
Maximal growth of the Stein-Wainger oscillatory integral
作者: Cheng Zhang, Zhifei Zhu
类别: math.CA, math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23238v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23238v1
摘要翻译
中文标题: Stein-Wainger振荡积分的极大增长
摘要翻译: 我们建立了Stein-Wainger振荡积分极大增长的精确层次结构,该结构适用于Denjoy-Carleman类函数相的正则性,包括Gevrey类及其推广。特别地,我们解决了Wang–Zhang提出的一个问题,该问题源于曲线上的特征函数限制估计;同时,我们给出了Nagel–Wainger关于曲线上的Hilbert变换定理的新证明。关键在于对相在平稳点附近增长的精确估计。
2. 三分量Degasperis-Procesi方程的爆破现象
Blow-up phemomenon for the 3-component Degasperis-Procesi equation
作者: Song Liu, Zhaoyang Yin
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.22952v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22952v1
摘要翻译
中文标题: 三分量Degasperis-Procesi方程的爆破现象
摘要翻译: 本文研究三分量Degasperis-Procesi方程的Cauchy问题。首先,我们在低正则性的Besov空间中讨论局部适定性结果以及爆破准则。其次,我们采用一种不依赖任何守恒律的方法来研究爆破现象。此外,我们还研究了一些持续性性质。
3. neo-Hookean模型中的Lavrentiev现象
A Lavrentiev phenomenon in the neo-Hookean model
作者: Marco Barchiesi, Duvan Henao, Carlos Mora-Corral, Rémy Rodiac
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.22873v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22873v1
摘要翻译
中文标题: neo-Hookean模型中的Lavrentiev现象
摘要翻译: 我们展示了三维非线性弹性中neo-Hookean能量的Lavrentiev间隙现象。更确切地说,我们构造了一组边界数据,使得在满足自然正则性和可逆性条件的变形集合上,neo-Hookean能量的下确界严格大于该集合在弱$H^1$拓扑下的闭包上的下确界。产生该间隙的机制是具有偶极型奇点的变形。
4. 非局部导数非线性薛定谔方程的孤波:变分特征
Solitary Waves for Nonlocal Derivative Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations: A Variational Characterization
作者: Amin Esfahani, Adilbek Kairzhan, Mukhtar Karazym
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-23
arXiv ID: 2603.22482v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22482v1
摘要翻译
中文标题: 非局部导数非线性薛定谔方程的孤波:变分特征
摘要翻译: 我们通过Nehari流形方法和凝聚紧性引理,建立了非局部导数非线性薛定谔方程的行波解的若干存在性结果。研究了次临界和临界情形下的相关极小化问题,并证明了每种情形下至少一个极小化子的存在性。在临界情形下,我们额外获得了一族参数的显式孤波解。最后,推导了Pohozaev型恒等式,并利用它们建立了相应的不存在性结果。
不相关论文(基本信息)
1. 具有受控衰减到Kerr黑洞的约束方程的解,包括Schwarzschild衰减
Solutions of the constraints with controlled decay to Kerr, including Schwartz decay
作者: Andrea Nützi
类别: gr-qc, math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23484v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23484v1
摘要: We show that to every small and decaying solution of the linearized constraint equations about Minkowski spacetime, one can add a quadratically small correction to obtain a solution of the full constraint equations. Near spacelike infinity, the correction is given by Kerr black hole initial data, up to a term that decays faster than the linearized solution, and that has Schwartz decay if the linearized solution has Schwartz decay. Using a recent result, we obtain that the solutions of the Einstein equations with these initial data admit a regular conformal compactification along null and timelike infinity. The construction is based on a right inverse (up to necessary integrability conditions) for the linearized constraint operator about Minkowski initial data obtained previously, that has optimal mapping properties relative to weighted b-Sobolev spaces, where the weights measure decay towards infinity. On an algebraic level, we show that the constraint equations can be derived using the homotopy transfer theorem, rather than using the geometric Gauss and Codazzi equations.
2. Kerr时空扰动中的Teukolsky方程能量-莫拉维茨估计
Energy-Morawetz estimates for Teukolsky equations in perturbations of Kerr
作者: Siyuan Ma, J’er’emie Szeftel
类别: math.AP, gr-qc
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23437v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23437v1
摘要: In this paper, we prove energy and Morawetz estimates for solutions to Teukolsky equations in spacetimes with metrics that are perturbations, compatible with nonlinear applications, of Kerr metrics in the full subextremal range. The Teukolsky equations are written in tensorial form using the non-integrable formalism in \cite{GKS22}, and we follow the approach in \cite{Ma} of relying on a Teukolsky wave/transport system. The estimates are proved by extending the ideas from our earlier result \cite{MaSz24} on the corresponding problem for the scalar wave, notably the use of $r$-foliation-adapted microlocal multipliers for the wave part, and by incorporating techniques from \cite{Ma} to control the linear coupling terms between the components of the Teukolsky wave/transport system. Additionally, in order to adapt the methodology of \cite{MaSz24} to tensorial waves, we introduce a well-suited regular scalarization procedure which is of independent interest. This result, alongside our companion paper \cite{MaSz24}, is an essential step towards extending the current proof of Kerr stability in \cite{GCM1} \cite{GCM2} \cite{KS:Kerr} \cite{GKS22} \cite{Shen}, valid in the slowly rotating case, to a complete resolution of the Kerr stability conjecture, i.e., the statement that the Kerr family of spacetimes is nonlinearly stable for all subextremal angular momenta.
3. 克鲁斯卡尔风格算法用于三次薛定谔方程的孤子分子约化
Kruskal-style algorithm for cubic Schrödinger equation molecule reduction
作者: Yvain Bruned, Valentin Clarisse
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23298v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23298v1
摘要: We are interested in the molecule reduction algorithm introduced by Deng and Hani in arXiv:2104.11204. In this article, the authors use this algorithm to establish a rigidity theorem, which plays a central role in the kinetic-time derivation of the wave equation associated with the cubic Schrödinger equation. In the present article, we show that this algorithm is a graph traversal algorithm of Kruskal type, and we prove that it constructs a Kruskal spanning tree of the input molecule. This reveals the origin of the main tool for deriving kinetic equations which has also been used for the long time derivation of the Boltzmann equation.
4. 基于机电耦合磁悬浮能量收集器主共振的非线性动力学与性能优化
Nonlinear Dynamics and Performance Optimization Based on Primary Resonance of an Electromechanically Coupled Magnetic Levitation Energy Harvester
作者: Jinhao Xie, Chengkai Yuan
类别: math.AP, nlin.CD
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23296v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23296v1
摘要: This research paper explores the potential of nonlinear magnetic levitation systems for energy harvesting by developing a modified system that incorporates a more realistic energy harvesting circuit, enabling a better representation of practical operating conditions. Methodologically, approximate solutions for the system dynamics were obtained using the method of multiple scales, complemented by numerical simulations to capture parameter variations visualized through phase planes and parameter variation plots. The results demonstrate that by adjusting capacitance to induce internal and primary resonances, an extended detuning formulation (utilizing parameters sigma3 and sigma4) is innovatively introduced to capture the coupled dynamic interaction between the harvesting circuit and the mechanical system under diverse conditions. Periodic variations in circuit charge and intermediate magnet dis placement were thoroughly analyzed. Comparisons with legacy models demonstrate that the proposed coupling mechanism effectively suppresses undesirable nonlinear behaviors, such as chaos and multi-stability, resulting in a more stable and predictable energy harvesting process. Ultimately, a critical trade-off between energy harvesting efficiency and dynamical stability is identified, providing a valuable new design perspective for practical energy harvesting systems.
5. Olech-Opial不等式、Wirtinger不等式与Emden-Fowler方程之间的变分联系
A Variational link between the Olech-Opial inequality, the Wirtinger inequality, and Emden-Fowler equations
作者: Jean-Christophe Pain
类别: math.AP, math.FA
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23239v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23239v1
摘要: We establish a structural connection between the classical Olech-Opial inequality and the Wirtinger inequality. Using an integral identity involving the mixed energy term $uu'$, we derive a nonlinear interpolation inequality linking these two results. The optimal constant is characterized by a variational problem whose extremals satisfy an Emden-Fowler equation. An explicit expression of the optimal constant is obtained in terms of the Beta function. This approach provides a natural bridge between mixed-energy integral inequalities, classical spectral estimates, and nonlinear boundary value problems.
6. 边界控制非线性抛物线反应堆模型的指数衰减
Exponential Decay for a Boundary-Controlled Nonlinear Parabolic Reactor Model
作者: Yevgeniia Yevgenieva, Alexander Zuyev, Christophe Prieur, Peter Benner
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23151v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23151v1
摘要: We study an axial dispersion tubular reactor model governed by a nonlinear parabolic equation with Robin-type boundary conditions and boundary feedback control. We derive sufficient conditions for the exponential stability of the steady-state solution of the closed-loop system and provide an explicit estimate of the decay rate. In addition, numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the sharpness of the obtained decay rate for different choices of the feedback gain parameter.
7. 具有次临界指数的$p$-障碍问题的自由边界的豪斯多夫测度
Hausdorff measure of the free boundary for the $p$-obstacle problem with subcritical exponents
作者: Jing Yu, Jun Zheng
类别: math.AP, math.FA
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23121v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23121v1
摘要: This paper investigates a class of $p$-obstacle problems with subcritical exponents having the form \begin{align} \mathrm{div}\left( a(x)|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u\right) =m_1χ_{{u>0}}-m_2u^{λ-1}χ_{{u>0}} \ \text{in}\ Ω,\notag \end{align} where $Ω$ is a smooth bounded domain in $ \mathbb{R}^N (N \geq 2)$, $m_1,m_2$ are positive constants, the coefficient function $a \in C^2(Ω)$ has a positive lower bound, and $2 \leq p < λ<p^*:= \frac{Np}{N-p}$ when $p<N$ and $N \geq 3$, or $2\leq p < λ<+\infty$ when $ N = 2$. By using the mountain-pass lemma, combined with the penalty method, we first establish the existence of non-negative weak solutions. Then, using the De Giorgi-Nash iteration, we prove the $L^\infty$ bound and local $C^{1,α}$ continuity for the solutions. In addition, we prove local porosity of the free boundary based on the optimal growth and non-degeneracy of solutions near the free boundary. Furthermore, by means of Lebesgue measure estimates for gradient level sets, we show that at least one solution corresponds the free boundary having locally finite $(N-1)$-dimensional Hausdorff measure.
8. 退化非局部椭圆问题的统一处理
A unified treatment of degenerate nonlocal elliptic problems
作者: L. Gasinski, H. Ramos Quoirin, J. Santos Junior, K. Silva
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23077v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23077v1
摘要: We develop a unified framework for a broad class of nonlocal elliptic problems, encompassing a wide spectrum of nonlocal terms, including the classical Kirchhoff and Carrier-type equations as particular cases, and nonlinearities having sublinear or asymptotically linear growth. By combining the study of a suitable auxiliary problem and fixed-point techniques with careful parameter analysis, we establish existence, non-existence, and multiplicity results for positive solutions. Our method reveals sharp parameter thresholds and provides a comprehensive description of the solution set. Finally, for powerlike nonlinearities (including superlinear and singular ones) we provide a more direct approach, based on homogeneity.
9. 埃尔米特矩阵与正规矩阵的特征值稳定性
Eigenvalue stability of Hermitian and normal matrices
作者: Adam Parusiński, Armin Rainer
类别: math.FA, math.AP, math.CA, math.MG, math.SP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23056v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23056v1
摘要: The ordered eigenvalues define a Lipschitz map on the real vector space of Hermitian $d \times d$ matrices. We prove that this map acts continuously, but not uniformly continuously, by superposition on the Sobolev spaces $W^{1,q}$, for all $1 \le q < \infty$, on bounded open domains. For $q=\infty$, the action is still well-defined and bounded but not continuous. We show that this stability result extends to normal matrices, where the eigenvalues are naturally interpreted as multivalued Sobolev functions in the sense of Almgren. Several applications are given, including the stability of singular values, condition numbers of matrices, surface area of eigenvalue graphs, and compact self-adjoint operators in Hilbert space.
10. 椭圆问题中带振荡非线性项的无穷多解的存在性与不存在性
Existence and nonexistence of infinitely many solutions to elliptic problems with oscillating nonlinearities
作者: Antonio J. Martínez Aparicio, Clara Torres-Latorre
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23045v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23045v1
摘要: We study sharp conditions for the existence and nonexistence of infinitely many nonnegative solutions to the problem $-Δ_p u = λf(u)$ in a bounded domain with Dirichlet boundary conditions, where $f$ is a continuous function with a sequence of positive zeros converging to zero or diverging to infinity. Under a growth condition on the primitive $F(s) = \int_0^s f(t)dt$, we establish ranges of the parameter $λ$ for which infinitely many small or large solutions exist, as well as ranges where no bifurcation from zero or infinity can occur. The existence result is obtained via variational methods for a general class of divergence form operators, while the nonexistence result is established both for the $p$-Laplacian and for uniformly elliptic operators in non-divergence form via an ODE argument.
11. 具有 $L^1$ 数据的非齐次全变分流
The inhomogeneous Total Variation Flow with $L^1$-data
作者: Marta Latorre, Sergio Segura de León
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23035v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23035v1
摘要: This paper is devoted to the study of the Dirichlet problem for the parabolic equation driven by the $1$–Laplacian operator under minimal integrability assumptions. Specifically, we consider \begin{equation*} u’-\Div(Du/|D u|)=f\qquad\text{ in } (0,+\infty)\timesΩ,, \end{equation*} where $Ω\subset\R^N$ is a bounded open set with Lipschitz boundary, $u_0\in L^1(Ω)$ is the initial datum, and $f\in L_{loc}^1(0,+\infty; L^1(Ω))$ is the source term. We establish the existence and uniqueness of entropy solutions in this low-regularity setting. Our approach relies on an approximation scheme and an entropy formulation adapted to the \mbox{$1$–Laplacian} structure. Additional results include comparison between solutions, further regularity when data have higher integrability and an analysis of the long-time decay of solutions in the homogeneous case.
12. $\mathbb{R}^N$ 中拟线性 Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman 方程解的径向对称性
Radial Symmetry of Solutions to Quasilinear Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman Equations in $\mathbb{R}^N$
作者: Dragos-Patru Covei
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.23014v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23014v1
摘要: We investigate the quasilinear elliptic Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation in $\mathbb{R}^{N}$ \begin{equation*} -\frac{1}{2}Δu+\frac{1}{p},|\nabla u|^{p}+u=f(x),\qquad p>1, \end{equation*}% within the optimal growth and uniqueness framework introduced by Bensoussan et al. (1984) for the case $N=1$ and Alvarez (1996) as well as Bensoussan and Frehse (1992) for the case $N\geq 1$. A central result of the paper shows that when $f$ is radially symmetric, the unique admissible solution is itself radially symmetric. The proof relies on the invariance of the operator under rotations, the uniqueness principle, and an averaging argument over the orthogonal group. In addition, we provide explicit barrier constructions, monotone approximation schemes, and local regularity estimates that guarantee the existence of classical solutions. As an illustration, we derive an exact quadratic solution in the case $% f(x)=|x|^{2} $ and $p=2$. Finally, we connect the PDE to its stochastic control interpretation and establish the extension of Alvarez’s uniqueness theory to the regime-switching system of Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations, proving the global well-posedness in the multi-regime setting.
13. 相对论维里算符
Relativistic Virial Operators
作者: Lucrezia Cossetti, Luca Fanelli, Fabio Pizzichillo
类别: math.AP, math.SP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.22947v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22947v1
摘要: When studying Dirac operators, it is well known that the phenomenon of Zitterbewegung leads to a lack of convexity of the variance, which creates difficulties in the analysis of dispersive properties. In particular, standard virial methods are harder to implement in the Dirac setting. In this paper, we introduce a new approach based on the center-of-energy operator, leading to a family of relativistic virial identities. As an application, we establish spectral stability results for perturbed Dirac operators and prove local smoothing estimates for the associated evolution equation.
14. 具有多个圆柱形分支的域上燃烧反应扩散方程的过渡波前
Transition fronts of combustion reaction-diffusion equations in domains with multiple cylindrical branches
作者: Yang-Yang Yan, Wei-Jie Sheng, Zhi-Cheng Wang
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.22907v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22907v1
摘要: This paper is concerned with the propagation phenomenon of the combustion reaction-diffusion equations in domains with multiple cylindrical branches. We first show that there is an entire solution emanating from planar traveling fronts in some branches. Then we prove that the entire solution is a transition front and converges to some planar traveling fronts (with some finite shifts) in the rest branches as time goes to $+\infty$ if the propagation is complete.In addition, by providing the complete propagation of every front-like solution coming from one branch, it is proved that any transition front connecting $0$ and $1$ in domains with multiple cylindrical branches propagates completely and has a unique global mean speed which turns out to be equal to the planar wave speed. Finally, we give some sufficient conditions to ensure that the assumptions on complete propagation are not empty.
15. 外部区域中单调双稳反应扩散系统的V形过渡前缘
V-shaped transition fronts of monotone bistable reaction-diffusion systems in exterior domains
作者: Yang-Yang Yan, Wei-Jie Sheng
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.22896v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22896v1
摘要: This paper investigates the propagation phenomena of a monotone bistable reaction-diffusion system in an exterior domain of R2. By constructing suitable sub- and supersolutions, we establish the existence and monotonicity of an entire solution originating from a V-shaped traveling front. It is further shown that, under the complete propagation condition, this entire solution eventually recovers its V-shaped profile as time tends to infty after passing the obstacle. In particular, we show that the entire solution is a V-shaped transition front whose global mean speed coincides with the planar wave speed.
16. 单调双稳态反应扩散系统绕过障碍物的过渡前缘
Transition fronts of monotone bistable reaction-diffusion systems around an obstacle
作者: Yang-Yang Yan, Wei-Jie Sheng
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.22890v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22890v1
摘要: This paper is concerned with the interaction between a planar traveling front and a compact obstacle for monotone bistable reaction-diffusion systems in exterior domains. By constructing appropriate sub- and supersolutions, we first establish the existence, uniqueness and monotonicity of the entire solution emanating from a planar traveling front. In particular, we verify that regardless of the shape of the obstacle, the entire solution locally converges to a stationary solution as time tends to infinity. Under the complete propagation assumption, we further show that the entire solution recovers to the same planar traveling front as time tends to infinity after passing the obstacle, and it constitutes a transition front. In addition, we provide some geometric conditions on the obstacle to ensure that the complete propagation assumption is nonempty. Finally, we apply our theoretical results to the Lotka-Volterra competition-diffusion system.
17. 类KdV方程中具有一般色散和单项式非线性的Benjamin-Feir不稳定性
The Benjamin-Feir instability in KdV-like equations with general dispersion and monomial nonlinearity
作者: Bhavna Kaushik, Bernard Deconinck
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.22836v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22836v1
摘要: Nonlinear waves in dispersive media can be succeptible to modulational instabilities. We examine a category of scalar equations, with general dispersion and monomial nonlinearity, including a large variety of KdV-like equations. For small-amplitude traveling wave solutions, we provide a complete characterization of the spectrum near the origin of the linear operator obtained from linearizing about periodic traveling waves. We prove rigorously that, when the modulational instability is present, the spectrum connected to the origin consists of curves that invariably form a closed figure-eight pattern.
18. 带参数微分代数方程优化问题的双重耦合架构与训练方法
Double Coupling Architecture and Training Method for Optimization Problems of Differential Algebraic Equations with Parameters
作者: Wenqiang Yang, Wenyuan Wu, Yong Feng, Changbo Chen
类别: cs.LG, math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-24
arXiv ID: 2603.22724v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22724v1
摘要: Simulation and modeling are essential in product development, integrated into the design and manufacturing process to enhance efficiency and quality. They are typically represented as complex nonlinear differential algebraic equations. The growing diversity of product requirements demands multi-task optimization, a key challenge in simulation modeling research. A dual physics-informed neural network architecture has been proposed to decouple constraints and objective functions in parametric differential algebraic equation optimization problems. Theoretical analysis shows that introducing a relaxation variable with a global error bound ensures solution equivalence between the network and optimization problem. A genetic algorithm-enhanced training framework for physics-informed neural networks improves training precision and efficiency, avoiding redundant solving of differential algebraic equations. This approach enables generalization for multi-task objectives with a single, training maintaining real-time responsiveness to product requirements.
19. 分数阶亥姆霍兹方程的逆散射问题
Inverse scattering for the fractional Helmholtz equation with cubic nonlinearity
作者: Saumyajit Das, Susovan Pramanik
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-23
arXiv ID: 2603.22592v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22592v1
摘要: In this article, we study the inverse scattering problem for the nonlinear fractional Helmholtz equation with cubic nonlinearity in three dimensions, where we recover a compactly supported potential from scattering amplitude.
20. 关于四阶边值问题的Kazdan-Warner障碍
Kazdan-Warner obstructions for a 4$th-$order boundary problem
作者: Sergio Cruz-Blázquez, Azahara DelaTorre
类别: math.AP, math.DG
发布日期: 2026-03-23
arXiv ID: 2603.22464v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22464v1
摘要: We derive Kazdan-Warner type identities for the boundary problem of prescribing nonconstant interior $Q$ curvature and boundary $T$ curvature on the upper hemisphere $\mathbb{S}^4_+$ by a conformal change of the standard metric. Using the natural variational formulation and conformal variations generated by boundary-preserving conformal vector fields, we obtain nontrivial integral obstructions to solvability.
21. 变分法视角下的Korn不等式
Korn’s inequality from the viewpoint of calculus of variations
作者: Gabriele Cassese
类别: math.AP
发布日期: 2026-03-23
arXiv ID: 2603.22431v1
链接: http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22431v1
摘要: We study the best possible constants in Korn-type inequalities and their connection with Morrey’s problem in the calculus of variations. We adapt techniques from the analysis of the Beurling-Ahlfors transform to Korn’s inequality. In particular we show that the constant in Korn’s inequality admits a dimension-free bound, and we obtain an estimate that is sharp up to a factor of $\sqrt 3$. In the radial case, the estimate is sharp. We also establish several improvements to estimates in various function spaces. Using a weighted version of Burkholder’s differential subordination theorem, recently introduced in [J. Reine Angew. Math. 824 (2025), pp. 137-166],we also prove a dimension-free weighted version of the inequality for Muckenhoupt weights.